The territory of Pergola is inhabited since the earliest age, when the Umbrians, Etruscans and Gauls occupied his land. With the defeat of the Gauls in 295 BC with the battle of Sentinum, Pergola first passes under the domination of the Roman Empire, then to the Franks, and finally was annexed to the city of Gubbio, in 1155. The founding of current town occurred in 1234. After several passages, Pergola became part of the Duchy of Urbino under which it remained until the advent of the Papal State.